Urethral duplication is a rare congenital malformation with multiple clinical manifestations. Here, we present a case involving a boy with hypospadiac urethral duplication and multiple congenital anomalies. The patient had additional anomalies including a posterior urethral valve, left vesicoureteral reflux and right renal agenesis. This case is discussed in terms of the type of urethral duplication and the importance of additional anomalies.

Imperforate hymen is very rare in the neonatal period and may be associated with urinary tract problems, such as urinary retention and hydronephrosis. This report presents a case of a 4-day-old neonate with a marked interlabial swelling causing urinary retention. Radiological imaging studies revealed hydrocolpos, hydrosalpinx, and unilateral hydronephrosis. Her symptoms resolved after hymenectomy.

Lymphangioma is a rare cause of swelling in the perineal and scrotal regions. This case report describes the clinical, ultrasonographic, and histopathological findings of a 3-year-old pediatric patient with a diagnosis of perineal and scrotal lymphangioma.

Most male infants are born with a foreskin that does not retract then and this is normal; glanularpreputial adhesions are physiologic and universal. Separation of these adhesions is a continuously evolving process which happens gradually and spontaneously. However, inability to retract the prepuce or preputial ballooning may be a cause of significantly anxiety amongst the newly blessed parents. The situation in rural population is further compounded by the culture of ‘oiling’ the glans inherited ancestrally if not transmitted genetically. Herein, the authors submit to medical literature an unusual complication of preputial adhesiolysis –development of bridging glanular- preputial adhesions. The clinical and social aspects are discussed. A description of the procedure of adhesiolysis along with an insight into the embryology and relevant literature was considered indispensable.

Children exposed to air gun pellets may also have a different clinical picture, from mild tissue damage to life-threatening injury. Although these weapons are known as toys, there has been a significant increase in the muzzle velocity of these weapons with advances in gas technology, recently. Air gun injuries are frequently presented in head, neck and thorax region, but injuries in genitourinary tract are rare in children. Here, we report a 12-year-old boy who was injured by a random shot with an air gun, due to the features of his diagnosis and treatment.